Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Masafumi Yamaguchi
Toyota Technological Institute, Japan
Keynote: Overview of solar cell R&D and approaches to automobile applications
Time : 09:00-09:40
Biography:
Masafumi Yamaguchi is Professor Emeritus at the Toyota Technological Institute (TTI), Nagoya, Japan and Senior Research Scholar of the Research Center for Smart Energy Technology (SET) at the TTI. He is also a Visiting Professor of the Kyushu University and Chairman, Research Committee of the Super High-Efficiency Solar Cells, Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS)
Abstract:
Development of high-efficiency solar cell modules and new application fields are very important for further development of PV (photovoltaics) and the creation of new clean energy infrastructure based on PV. For this end, further development of science and technology of PV is necessary. This paper overviews PV R&D activities in Japan as the PV R&D former Project Leader of NEDO and JST. Present status of various solar cells efficiencies under NEDO and JST PV R&D projects are presented. 44.4% for concentrator III-V compound 3-junction solar cell, 37.9% for 1-sun III-V compound 3-junction cell, 26.7% for single-crystal Si cell, 22.9% for CIGS cell, and 14.0% for a-Si based 3-junction cell. Efficiency potential of various solar cells is also discussed. Future prospects of PV and our recent approaches towards the creation of “Mobility Society by using Solar Energy” are discussed. Very large-scale installation of PV power systems is needed and thus the development of ultra-high performance, low cost, and highly reliable solar cells are very important. In addition, development of low cost and long lifetime batteries, highly reliable and intelligent system technologies such as smart grids is necessary. We are now challenging III-V/Si tandem solar cells. Because III-V/Si tandem solar cells have great potential for high-efficiency, low-cost and light-weight solar cells. Automobile applications by using solar energy are also very important and very attractive. Recently, we have developed high-efficiency (32%) InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs thin-film 3-junction solar cells module with an area of 32cmx32cm and 33% efficiency InGaP/GaAs/Si mechanically stacked 3-junction solar cell. Those are expected to be one of the seeds for solar electric vehicle applications.
Keynote Forum
Mark A Zurbuchen
University of California at Los Angeles, USA
Keynote: Topotactic anion exchange in epitaxial films — Synthesis advantages and characterization challenges
Time : 09:40-10:20
Biography:
Mark A Zurbuchen is an Adjunct Professor in EE and MS&E in the prestigious DRL (Device Research Lab) under the WIN and CEGN Programs, and additionally leads the "2D Materials" sub-group, and is affiliated with the "Quantum Physics & Devices" sub-group as well. He is a thin film scientist. Electron and X-ray beam methods (XRD, TEM, synchrotron). Expertise in epitaxial films and heteroepitaxial integration. Materials design, thin film deposition, microstructural characterization, crystallography, and electrical behavior. 2D materials, oxide electronics, ferroelectrics, dielectrics, multiferroics, superconductors, nano-scale thermal behavior, and biomaterials.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Despite direct epitaxial deposition/facet-growth of innumerable materials in lab experiments, new lattice-matched buffer (interdiffusion-blocking) layers are desperately needed by the microelectronics industries. There is a need for "substrate agnostic" buffer layer(s) to template epitaxial growth on Si, GaN, Ni, and others. Epitaxial templates, particularly ultra-thin oxide layers, have been demonstrated to be excellent epitaxial buffer layers, but the fabrication of epitaxial samples of many materials is frustrated by chemical or lattice mismatch. This talk focuses on a new, better approach to dealing with heterogeneous interfaces. A promising new approach–topotactic anion exchange (TAE) epitaxy. The approach is unique, with two steps–1st epitaxial deposition of a precursor layer; and 2nd a special gas anneal to exchange the anions in the solid for others; to ultimately yield a highly perfect epitaxial film of the product phase. Opportunities abound, as there are only two criteria to meet: (a) The initial film is formulated to match the surface-symmetry type and lattice parameter of the substrate; (b) a thermal, atmosphere-controlled step initiates the topotactic reaction. Ideally, compositions for TAE layers are chosen with end members commensurate–as the reaction front passes through the solid. Cations are sessile with anions are relatively mobile. Anions are exchanged diffusively; but because the resultant material is a different phase altogether, conversion can dramatically alter the magneto-opto-electrical behaviors of the layers. Characterization requires finesse at the atomic level. The typical anions all have roughly the same atomic mass, making a discernment between the two phases complicated. The results of ex-situ and in-situ anion exchange experiments towards an epi buffer for Si and GaN will be presented. Further discussion of analyses thus far will be presented.
Keynote Forum
Dirk M Zajonc
La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, USA
Keynote: Design of lipid and peptide antigens for immune cells using X-ray crystallography
Time : 10:40-11:20
Biography:
Dirk M Zajonc is an Associate Professor at La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology. He is an experienced Associate Professor in Structural Immunology with an interest in characterizing immune responses toward microbial pathogens. He is skilled in Protein Chemistry, including antibodies and recombinant protein production and characterization, molecular biology, biophysics, and structural biology. He has a strong interest in the interplay between microbial infection, as well as cancer with the immune system. He has published articles in various journals.
Abstract:
T cells are potent effector cells of the immune system that control infection and tumorigenesis but can also lead to autoimmunity when they respond too strongly to self-antigen. While the majority of T cells are specific to peptides presented by the Major Histocompatibility Complex I and II (MHC I and II) molecules, a small population of T cells respond to lipids when an by the non-classical MHC I homolog CD1d. Extensive functional and structural data has been accumulated that allows for the design of altered glycolipid ligands that modulate immune responses toward infection and tumorigenesis. We further obtained novel insights into the unconventional presentation of peptides that aa us to design altered peptide ligands with novel functions. The structural basis and functional consequences of both lipid and peptide antigen recognition by the immune system will be discussed.
Best Poster Award Distribution 12:30-12:40
Lunch Break 12:40-13:40 @ Foyer
Keynote Forum
Dirk M Zajonc
La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, USA
Keynote: Design of lipid and peptide antigens for immune cells using X-ray crystallography
Time : 10:40-11:20
Biography:
Dirk M Zajonc is an Associate Professor at La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology. He is an experienced Associate Professor in Structural Immunology with an interest in characterizing immune responses toward microbial pathogens. He is skilled in Protein Chemistry, including antibodies and recombinant protein production and characterization, molecular biology, biophysics, and structural biology. He has a strong interest in the interplay between microbial infection, as well as cancer with the immune system. He has published articles in various journals.
Abstract:
T cells are potent effector cells of the immune system that control infection and tumorigenesis but can also lead to autoimmunity when they respond too strongly to self-antigen. While the majority of T cells are specific to peptides presented by the Major Histocompatibility Complex I and II (MHC I and II) molecules, a small population of T cells respond to lipids when an by the non-classical MHC I homolog CD1d. Extensive functional and structural data has been accumulated that allows for the design of altered glycolipid ligands that modulate immune responses toward infection and tumorigenesis. We further obtained novel insights into the unconventional presentation of peptides that aa us to design altered peptide ligands with novel functions. The structural basis and functional consequences of both lipid and peptide antigen recognition by the immune system will be discussed.